URhulumente weSixeko saseBrussels uceba ukuphumezaimithetho emitsha yealam yomsi ngoJanuwari ka-2025. Zonke izakhiwo zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngee-alam zomsi ezihlangabezana neemfuno ezintsha. Ngaphambi koku, lo mmiselo wawulinganiselwe kwiipropati eziqeshiswayo, kwaye malunga ne-40% yamakhaya ayengenayo imilinganiselo yokhuseleko lomlilo olufunekayo. Lo mmiselo omtsha ujolise ekuphuculeni amanqanaba okhuseleko lomlilo kwibhodi yonke kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko womlilo obangelwa ukungafaki okanye ukusebenzisa i-alamu yomsi engahambelaniyo.
Umxholo ongundoqo wemimiselo emitsha
Ngokutsho kwe-2025 Brussels Smoke Alarm Regulation, zonke iindawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo zokurenta kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngee-alamu zomsi ezihlangabezana nemigangatho emitsha. Iimfuno ezithile ziquka:
Iimfuno ezisisiseko zeealam zomsi
Ibhetri eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi:Iialam zomsi kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngebhetri eyakhelweyo kunye nobomi bebhetri ubuncinci beminyaka eyi-10. Le mfuneko iqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kwesixhobo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokutshintshwa rhoqo kwebhetri.
Ukuthobela umgangatho we-EN 14604:Zonke iialam zomsi kufuneka zithobele umgangatho we-EN 14604 ukuqinisekisa ukuba zinokusabela ngokukhawuleza xa kuthe kwatsha.
Ukuthintelwa kweealam ze-ionization:Imimiselo emitsha iyakunqanda ukusetyenziswa kwee-alamu zomsi we-ionization kwaye incoma ukusetyenziswa kwee-alamu zomsi we-optical ukuphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokuvakalelwa kokufumanisa umsi.
Ibhetri kunye neemfuno zamandla
Gcina ibhetri:Ukuba i-alarm yomsi ixhunywe kwigridi yamandla (220V), kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngebhetri yokugcina. Olu yilo luqinisekisa ukuba i-alam yomsi isengasebenza ngokuqhelekileyo xa umbane ucinyiwe ukunqanda ulwazi olulahlekileyo lomlilo.
Iimfuno zofakelo lweealam zomsi
Indawo yee-alam zomsi kuxhomekeke kubume kunye nesakhiwo segumbi lepropati. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba abahlali banokufumana izilumkiso kwangexesha xa kusenzeka umlilo, oku kulandelayo yimfuneko yofakelo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezakhiwo:
1. Isitudiyo
Iimfuno zokuhlohla:Ubuncinci i-alam yomsi kufuneka ifakwe.
Indawo yokuhlohla:Beka ialam yomsi kwigumbi elinye ecaleni kwebhedi.
Phawula:Ukuphepha ii-alamu zobuxoki, ii-alam zomsi akufanele zifakwe kufutshane nemithombo yamanzi (njengeeshawa) okanye umphunga wokupheka (ofana namakhitshi).
Ingcebiso:Kumagumbi estudio, iialam zomsi kufuneka zibe kude neendawo apho umphunga unokuveliswa khona, njengeshawara okanye iikhitshi, ukunqanda izilumkiso zobuxoki.
2. Indawo yokuhlala enomgangatho omnye
Iimfuno zokuhlohla:Faka ubuncinane i-alam yomsi enye kwigumbi ngalinye ecaleni kwendlela "yokujikeleza kwangaphakathi".
"Umzila ojikelezayo wangaphakathi" inkcazo:Oku kubhekiselele kuwo onke amagumbi okanye iipaseji ekufuneka zigqithiswe ukusuka kwigumbi lokulala ukuya kumnyango wangaphambili, ukuqinisekisa ukuba unokufikelela kwindawo yokuphuma kakuhle kwimeko kaxakeka.
Indawo yokuhlohla:Qinisekisa ukuba i-alam yomsi inokugubungela zonke iindlela zokuphuma ngexesha likaxakeka.
Ingcebiso:I-alamu yomsi kwigumbi ngalinye inokudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo "kwindlela yokujikeleza yangaphakathi" ukuqinisekisa ukuba unokuva i-alamu kwaye uphendule ngexesha xa umlilo uvela.
Umzekelo:Ukuba indlu yakho inamagumbi okulala, igumbi lokuhlala, ikhitshi kunye nepaseji, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufake i-alamu yomsi ubuncinane kumagumbi okulala kunye nepaseji.
3. Indawo yokuhlala enemigangatho emininzi
Ufakelo olufunekayo:Faka ubuncinane ialam yomsi enye kumgangatho ngamnye.
Indawo yokuhlohla:I-alamu yomsi kufuneka ifakwe kwi-staircase yokumisa umgangatho ngamnye okanye kwigumbi lokuqala xa ungena emgangathweni.
Indlela yokujikeleza:Ukongeza, onke amagumbi akwi "circulation route" kufuneka afakelwe nealam yomsi. Umzila wokujikeleza yindlela ohamba ngayo ukusuka kwigumbi lokulala ukuya kumnyango wangaphambili, kwaye igumbi ngalinye kufuneka lixhotyiswe nge-alamu yomsi ukugubungela le ngqungquthela.
Ingcebiso:Ukuba uhlala kwindlu enemigangatho emininzi, qiniseka ukuba umgangatho ngamnye uxhotyiswe ngee-alamu zomsi, ngakumbi kwizitepsi kunye neepaseji, ukwenzela ukuba kwandiswe ithuba lokulumkisa kwangexesha kubo bonke abahlali xa kukho umlilo.
Umzekelo:Ukuba indlu yakho inemigangatho emithathu, kufuneka ufakele ii-alam zomsi kwindawo yokumisa izitepsi okanye kwigumbi elikufutshane nezinyuko kumgangatho ngamnye.
Ubude bofakelo kunye nesikhundla
Ufakelo lwesilingi:I-alamu yomsi kufuneka ifakwe kumbindi wesilingi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, kufuneka kufakwe ubuncinane i-30 cm ukusuka kwikona yesilingi.
Isilingi ethambekileyo:Ukuba igumbi linophahla oluthambekileyo, i-alarm yomsi kufuneka ifakwe eludongeni kwaye umgama ukusuka kwisilingi kufuneka ube phakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-30 cm, kwaye ubuncinci i-30 cm ukusuka kwikona.
Iialam zomsi akufuneki zifakwe kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:
Amakhitshi, amagumbi okuhlambela kunye namagumbi okuhlambela: Ezi ndawo ziqhelene nee-alamu zobuxoki ngenxa yomphunga, umsi okanye imithombo yobushushu.
Kufuphi nabalandeli kunye neendawo zokuvula: Ezi ndawo zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweealam zomsi.
Isikhumbuzo esikhethekileyo
Ukuba igumbi lisetyenziswa kabini kwaye liyinxalenye "yendlela yokujikeleza yangaphakathi" (efana nekhitshi ekwasebenza njengegumbi lokutyela), kuyacetyiswa ukuba kufakwe i-alam yomsi kude nemithombo yobushushu.
Amatyala akhethekileyo kunye neemfuno zokuthotyelwa
Imfuneko yokudibanisa ii-alam ezine nangaphezulu
Ukuba ipropati inee-alam zomsi ezine okanye ngaphezulu ezifakiweyo, imimiselo emitsha ifuna ukuba ezi alamu kufuneka zidityaniswe ukwenza inkqubo yokufumanisa ephakathi. Le mfuno ijolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zokulumkisa ngomlilo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iingozi zomlilo zinokubonwa ngokukhawuleza kwipropati.
Ukuba ngoku kukho ii-alam zomsi ezine okanye ngaphezulu ezingadityaniswanga, abanini-mhlaba kufuneka bafake ii-alam eziqhagamshelweyo endaweni yazo ngaphambi komhla woku-1 kuJanuwari 2028 ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo.
Iialam zomsi zenzelwe abantu abangevayo okanye abangevayo
IsiXeko saseBrussels sinikela ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kukhuseleko lwabangeva kakuhle. Izilumkiso zomsi ezenzelwe abantu abangevayo okanye abangeva kakuhle sele zifumaneka kwiimarike, ezilumkisa umsebenzisi kwi-alarm yomlilo ngokukhanyisa izibane okanye ukungcangcazela.Abanini-mhlaba abanakuchasa abaqeshi okanye iziphathamandla zomlilo ezifakela ezo zixhobo, kodwa akunyanzelekanga ukuba bathwale iindleko zokuzithenga.
Uxanduva lomnini-mhlaba kunye noMqeshi
Uxanduva lomnini-mhlaba
Abanini-mhlaba banyanzelekile ukuba baqinisekise ukuba ii-alam zomsi ezithobelayo zifakelwe kwipropati kwaye zithwale iindleko zokuzithenga nokuzifaka. Ngelo xesha, abanini-mhlaba kufuneka batshintshe ii-alamu ngaphambi kokuba i-alamu ifike ekupheleni kobomi bayo benkonzo (ngokuqhelekileyo iminyaka eyi-10) okanye ngokuhambelana neziphakamiso zomenzi.
Uxanduva lomqeshi
Njengomqeshi, unoxanduva lokujonga rhoqo imeko yokusebenza yealam yomsi, kubandakanya ukucofa iqhosha lokuvavanya ukujonga. Kwangaxeshanye, abaqeshi bafanele baxele ngoko nangoko nakuphi na ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweealam zomsi kumnini-ndlu ukuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sihlala sikwimeko entle.
Iziphumo zokungathobeli
Ukuba umnini-mhlaba okanye umqeshi akaphumeleli ukufaka kunye nokugcina i-alamu yomsi ngokuhambelana nemimiselo, banokujamelana namatyala asemthethweni, kubandakanywa iifayini kunye nokutshintshwa ngenkani kwezixhobo. Ngokukodwa kubanini-mhlaba, ukusilela ukufaka ii-alam zomsi ezithobelayo akuyi kukhokelela kwisohlwayo kuphela, kodwa kunokuchaphazela namabango e-inshorensi kwipropati.
Indlela yokukhetha i-alamu yomsi efanelekileyo
Xa ukhetha i-alam yomsi, qiniseka ukuba ihambelana nomgangatho we-EN 14604 kwaye isebenzisa iteknoloji yokukhanya. Iimveliso zethu ze-alamu yomsi, kubandakanywa i-WiFi, i-standalone kunye neemodeli ezixhunyiwe, zonke zihlangabezana neemfuno ze-Brussels 2025 umgaqo we-alarm alarm. Sinikezela ngeealam ezisebenzayo kunye nobomi obude bebhetri kunye nofakelo olulula ukukunceda uqinisekise ukuba ikhaya lakho kunye nepropathi yentengiso ikhuselwe emlilweni.
Cofa apha ukuze ufunde ngakumbi (IYurophu EN 14604 isivangi somsi esiqhelekileyo)
Ukuqukumbela
I-Brussels entsha ye-2025 yokulawula i-alarm alarm iya kuphucula kakhulu izinga lokukhusela umlilo kwizakhiwo zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo. Ukuqonda kunye nokuthobela le mimiselo akusayi kuphucula kuphela amandla okulumkisa umlilo kwangethuba, kodwa kuya kuthintela imingcipheko esemthethweni kunye nomthwalo wemali. Njengomenzi wealamu yomsi oqeqeshiweyo, sizimisele ukubonelela ngeemveliso ezihlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu yokhuseleko eBrussels kunye nemarike yehlabathi ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwakho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-22-2025